Thursday, November 13, 2008

The water Falls at Palouse Falls

When you visit Palouse Falls (sometimes spelled Polousse Falls), you immediately appreciate the history of the falls and their geology. Its not easy to get a waterfall in the desert landscape that exists in about 23 miles south of Washtucna, Washington, even one of the smaller ones such as Palouse at 180 feet tall. It took the great Missoula floods to alter the landscape.

Today the Palouse River is a tributary of the Snake River. At the end of the last Ice Age the Palouse River used to flow into the Pasco Basin of South Central Washington State. At this time the ice dam on the Clark Fork River broke open repeatedly over the course of a 2,000 year period causing millions of tons of water to fan out over the south central and western part of Washington. It also flooded the Palouse River and caused it to overflow and head south to Snake River. The force of this rushing water created three deep ravines on the side of Snake River Canyon. There were three waterfalls spilling from each of these coulees but over time they receded and now the only one left is Palouse Falls. That is why there manages to be a waterfall in the middle of the desert.

It Is fairly easy to get into the Palouse State Park in order to see the falls. They encourage visitors to stay overnight or a few days at a time with about ten primitive campsites and an equal number of picnic sites but this is only during part of the year. It is still Washington and can get quite cold on occasion, so the park is restricted to day use from the end of September to the end of March.

There is a lot of history attached to the falls and the area around them. The falls used to be called ‘Aputapat Falls’ but were renamed in honor of the Palouse Indians who once lived in the area. They have a legend surrounding the creation of the landscape and the falls. According to this legend the land around the area used to be flatter, without falls, without the canyon. There was just the Palouse River flowing easily into the Snake River. One day four brothers who also happened to be giants were chasing a Big Beaver, another giant creature. The first four brothers were able to spear the Beaver and each time the Beaver was hit he gouged out a canyon wall along the Palouse River with his large claws. The fifth brother hit the Beaver last and the Beaver turned to fight the hunters. During the fight the larger Snake River canyon got gouged out of the ground. This point is where the Palouse Falls exist. It’s believed that the canyon walls still show marks of the Big Beaver’s claws.

The water of the Palouse Falls is a muddy brown from the sediment in the water. There is a recess in the rock wall where the Palouse spills from due to erosion from the falling water. The erosive process is actually increased because there is so much sediment in the water that it has a scouring effect on the rock bed.

The Waterfalls at Ribbon Falls

This waterfall is located in Yosemite National Park in California, home of the giant Sequoias, bears, and interesting geological formations. Yosemite National Park may be most famous for Old Faithful and the reputed largest waterfall in the United States, Yosemite Falls, but there are plenty of other inspiring waterfalls in the park. Of these Ribbon Falls is most definitely one. Ribbon Falls is thought to be the largest single-drop waterfall in the United States. This is different from Yosemite and other tall waterfalls in other categories. A single-drop waterfall falls to the ground without encountering the cliff face or outcroppings of rock which may impede its course for a short way. This waterfall shares its name with another waterfall in South Island, New Zealand. No relation.

This tall plunge waterfall comes in at 1612 feet and yet it remains a thin wispy ribbon of water as it slips down the cliff side coming in at only 30 feet wide. One might call this waterfall ephemeral as it is fed by a tiny creek by the same name, Ribbon Creek and comes and goes with the seasons in the park. Ribbon Falls is born with the melting of the winter snow each spring as it comes down from the mountains. The falls reaches its peak in very early spring and disappears as the last of the snow melts in the springtime. Due to the short life span of this waterfall each year there are not good trails or roadways to reach the base of the waterfalls.

It can also only be seen from head on. Ribbon falls has managed to become ensconced in a small niche in the cliff side so that visitors to the park must stand on a lookout on the south side road that is just opposite Bridalveil Falls. Ribbon falls plunges from the cliffs west of the El Capitan.

The cliff face is a grayish tan color surrounding the falls. It and the rest of the valley was carved and shaped by the efforts of a moving glacier. Conifer trees are often seen dotting the sky at the top of the cliff face, even from the distance that most observers view the falls. The falls can be seen hugging the right side of it narrow niche, although the falls are much narrower than the carved out rock. To the left of the niche there is a slightly lower jutting cliff face with a gentle slope at the top presenting a few more conifers and green vegetation before it recedes into the cliff wall. At the base of the falls is a generous carpet of dark green conifers spreading out on its way to the valley floor.

Ribbon Falls ends a good 1500 feet above the floor of Yosemite Valley. It all ready being so tall has its start in the highest part of the cliff in that area 3000 feet about the valley floor. This isn’t quite a mile high but it certainly adds to the ephemeral nature of this waterfall in the sky.

Bordering Zimbambwe and Zambia

Scenes so lovely must have be gazed upon by angels in their flight.
David Livingstone, Scottish explorer

Victoria Falls must be among the most impressive waterfalls in the world. It is about 428 feet tall and the gigantic waterfall is a mile wide cliff of roaring thunder. It is known locally by the Makololo people as Mosi-oa-Tunya, ‘the smoke that thunders.’ Possibly this name has something to do with the mist that the waterfall generates. It rises up to a mile into the air and can be seen up to 25 miles away. Besides being the widest waterfall on the planet it is also one of the only two waterfalls known to regularly produce Moonbows.

Moonbows are rainbows created by the light of the moon being prismed in mists surrounding the falls and creating the multicolored wonders. This effect requires perfect conditions for it to occur with regularity, unimpeded light from the moon and a lack of light pollution, although other waterfalls can produce the moonbows on occasion.

Victoria Falls became known to the European world on November 17th, 1855 when the Scotsman David Livingstone saw the falls on his journey to the mouth of the Zambezi river. He was so impressed by the falls that he named them after Queen Victoria and wrote the eloquent passage listed above about the falls.

The water flowing over Victoria Falls varies from season to season. In the wet season the volume of water can be as much as 320,000 cubic feet per second, this is when the water falls over the cliff in a continuous line. While the dry season in Africa can reduces the flow of water to a mere 12,500 cubic feet per second. The water falling over the edge of the cliff is reminiscent of that which trickles out of an over full bathtub during this season. The height of the river’s flow is in the month of April, while the lowest ebb is in October.

From above the river flowing into the falls resembles a broad flat plain of water spilling into a narrow rift in the earth. In the cliff wall opposite Victoria Falls is the entrance to a gorge through which the water escapes once it falls into the rift. This gorge river takes a zigzagged course as it continues on its way. Before the river meets the waterfall it is crisscrossed with a series of islands. In fact approximately four islands have formed on the edge of Victoria Fall essentially breaking it into a series of five falls. Of these one island is named Livingstone Island after the explorer, who its said actually rowed out to the island to get a better look at the falls.

Hundreds of thousands of tourists visit the falls annually and Victoria Falls lies on the border of two National Parks. One Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park is in Zambia and the other Victoria Falls National Park is in Zimbabwe

Wallaman falls


Girringun National Park, Australia

Located in Girringun National Park, also known as Lumholtz National Park, Wallaman Falls is often sited as having one of Australia’s largest single drop waterfalls at 879 feet and the entire waterfall comes in at a good 1,109 feet. Though several websites dispute this claim. The waterfall still has an impressive height either way. This is a tiered waterfall made up of several drops but there are only two main drops on the way down to a 32 foot deep and 65 foot wide lagoon.

The Wallaman Falls flow from Stony Creek which is a tributary of the Herbert River. It plunges over and escarpment or transition in elevation that usually involves cliffs called the Seaview Range. 50 million years ago the Herbert River shifted course and through erosion wore down the river bed over time creating a gorge. In the process the Stony Creek was left hanging, literally, above the gorge and the river so it simply spilled over the side of the cliff wall.

Wallaman Falls is part of the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area created in 1989. It spans 5586 square miles of land. A world heritage site is an area that is considered to have outstanding cultural or natural importance to the heritage of humankind. So Wallaman Falls along with some of the oldest surviving rainforest in the world is pretty special.

There are a variety of unusual creatures in the park. They have the Platypus, one of the few marsupial species on the planet. The Eastern Water Dragon is a lizard with strong forearms and tails that are designed for swimming. However it can live equally well both in and out of the water. The Saw-Shelled Turtle lives in the Herbert River and tributaries including Stony Creek. It has a serrated edge along its shell and is only found in the Eastern portion of Australia.

The rim of Wallaman Falls is inhabited by Casuarinas, Eucalypts and Grass Tree. Casuarinas are also known as She Oaks, Beefwood or Australian Pines and they are found in tropical areas where the soil is nutrient poor. Deeper in the gorge exist the more lush vegetation of the typical rainforest. Eucalypts are also Eucalyptus trees, of which there are nearly 700 species. So any number of these can be found around Wallaman Falls. Grass trees refers to several different species of a unique tree with a ring of leaves typically at the top of a trunk or branches that looks like grass or a grass skirt. There is also a wide range of mosses, lichens and epiphytes in the park.

The falls appear either as a thin stream of water flowing down a light tan cliff face or a rushing torrent depending on the season its viewed in. Typically it reaches its highest volume during the wettest part of the rainy season.

Wallaman existed in the original home of the Warrgamaygan Aboriginal People. They maintain a spiritual connection to the land from which their ancestors once gathered food and resources as well as being where they used to live.

Springbrunnenbau,

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Unser breitgefächertes Lieferspektrum auf dem Gebiet Springbrunnenbau erstreckt sich heute vom einfachen Springbrunnen über Fontänen bis hin zu komplexen Springbrunnenanlagen. Ob sich dies in Form einer vollelektronisch gesteuerten Wasserorgel oder aber auch in Form von Kaskaden oder Mühlsteinbrunnen zeigt, ist hierbei ganz gleich. Wir realisieren auch die zahlreichen Möglichkeiten, wie z.B. Düsenfelder oder Wasserwände, die sich zwischen Fontäne und Kaskade ergeben.

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Wenn wir Sie überzeugen konnten, würden wir uns freuen Sie schon bald als Kunden begrüßen zu dürfen. Wir sind Ihr Partner für den Springbrunnenbau und Springbrunnenanlagen sowie Düsenfelder, Kaskaden und Fontänen. Auch Wasserwände, Wasserorgel oder auch Wassertisch und Nebelanlage gehören zu unserem Leistungsspektrum. Ob Fontänen, Düsenfelder oder andere Springbrunnenanlagen: Mit uns wird Ihr Springbrunnen ein voller Erfolg – überzeugen Sie sich selbst und lassen Sie sich von dem Spezialisten rund um den Springbrunnenbau beraten
Adyanpara Falls : Nestled in the land of perennial springs and lush green mountains Adyanpara is acascading waterfall in the Kurmbalangod village of Nilambur taluk in Kerala. This region attracts a wide variety of exotic as well as migratory birds and is rich in wildlife. It is a charming and picteresque picnic spot.
Adyanpara Falls : Nestled in the land of perennial springs and lush green mountains Adyanpara is acascading waterfall in the Kurmbalangod village of Nilambur taluk in Kerala. This region attracts a wide variety of exotic as well as migratory birds and is rich in wildlife. It is a charming and pict

Chunchanakatte Falls : Chunchanakatte Falls is a waterfall on the river Kaveri, near the village of Chunchanakatte in Mysore district of Karnataka in India. In these peaceful and lush green surrounding the water gently cascades from a height of about 20 meters creating a soothing gurgling sound on its onward journey.eresque picnic spot.


Dudhsagar Falls : The gorgeous Dudhsagar Falls drop a sheer 600 mts and are one of the highest falls in the county. Located on the border of Karnataka and Goa, its inan area of dense tropical jungle, criss crossed with delightful streams and dotted with shallow pools, inviting and safe enough for a lesiurely swim. The view from the top of the waterfall is simply breath taking.

Dudhsagar Falls : The gorgeous Dudhsagar Falls drop a sheer 600 mts and are one of the highest falls in the county. Located on the border of Karnataka and Goa, its inan area of dense tropical jungle, criss crossed with delightful streams and dotted with shallow pools, inviting and safe enough for a lesiurely swim. The view from the top of the waterfall is simply breath taking.



Gersoppa Falls : One of the most spectacularly beautiful falls, the Gersoppa stem from the Sharavati River in Karnataka. The river plunges over a sharp cliff and falls in four cascades, the highest of which is 830 ft. It is a wild and unruly beauty of nautre right next to the city of Bombay yet far removed from the madness of the city.




Hogenakal Falls : The name Hogenakkal is derived from Kannada, it means smoky rocks and the falls are no less beautiful than their name. Here the gushing force of the water when falls on the rocks below looks like smoke emanating from the rocks. The immensely picteresque and awe-inspiring white waters of the Cauvery river tumble down from a height of 20 mts.



Jog Falls : The Jog falls in Karnataka are an ode to nature’s power, in these wild and unspoilt surroundings, the Sharavati river crashes nearly nine hundred feet downwards, forming four cascades locally known as - king, queen, rocket and roarer. This spectacular fall is Asia’s highest and during the monsoon when the river swells the water gushes down with such speed that the entire vista is covered in mists and arching rainbows cover the droplets.


Kutralam Falls : Popularly known as the ‘Spa of the South’, the waters of this fall pass through the forest of herbs thereby gaining medicinal properties and attracting a huge crowd of believers. Located at a distance of 160 kms from Madurai in Tamil Nadu this immense water body actually comprises of nine waterfalls, the Peraruvi (Main Falls), Chitra Aruvi, Shenbaghadevi Falls, Then Aruvi (Honey Falls), Aintharuvi (Five Falls), Puli Aruvi(Tiger Falls), Pazhaya Courtrallam (Old Falls), Puthu Aruvi (New Falls)and Pazhathotta Aruvi (Fruit Garden Falls) respectively.


Muthyalamaduvu Falls : Muthyalamaduvu,also known as Pearl Valley, is a popular picnic spot situated about 45km south of Bangalore in Karnataka. The Muthyalamaduvu Falls or the Pearl Valley Falls is a gushing stream cascading down from a height of 92 m. The drops of water strewn across the rock surface on impact lend the appearance of scattered pearls. Hence the name. The fall, its sereneambience and the lush green valley is a huge draw for visitors.

Victoria Falls

The widest waterfall on Earth, Victoria Falls undoubtedly ranks as one of the most spectacular waterfalls in the world. Indeed, when Scottish explorer David Livingstone first set eyes on it in November 1855, he was so impressed that he renamed the falls after his Queen, Victoria.

Known locally as the Mosi-oa-Tunya - "The Smoke That Thunders" - the falls are an amazing 1,708 meters wide, with an average drop of around 100m. In the wet season, more than 19 million cubic feet of water flow over the falls each minute, dropping down into the Zambezi Gorge below. The resulting spray, or smoke, can sometimes be seen from up to 25 miles away.

A UNESCO World Heritage site, Victoria Falls sits on the Zambezi River, dividing the African states of Zambia and Zimbabwe. Both countries have national parks named after the falls - the Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park in Zambia and the Victoria Falls National Park in Zimbabwe.

Angel Falls, Venezuela

The Angel Falls, in Venezuela, is the tallest waterfall in the world, standing a total of 3,212 feet tall. Unlike some very tall falls, water falls freely for the majority of this distance, with an uninterrupted fall of 2,648 feet.

The Angel Falls is located in the Canaima National Park, in Venezuela, and gained its name in 1937 when an adventurous American aviator, James Angel, discovered it. Although his plane became stranded upon landing in some marshy ground at the top of the falls, he and his companions made it on foot through the jungle to the nearest village and announced their discovery.

Today, tourists can take sightseeing flights over the falls, but for those who would like to see them on foot, the Angel Falls are still several days' trek through the rainforest, making it a relatively undisturbed natural marvel.
Just as coastlines are vulnerable to erosion by water, so are river beds, hillsides and cliffs, and the fast-flowing nature of waterfalls means that over time, even the hardest rock is worn away and reshaped by the water. Two areas in particular are sure to have gradually evolved over the years - the area near the edge of the waterfall, where the water is at its fastest, and the "plunge pool" at the base of the waterfall, so-called because the riverbed has usually been worn away by the impact of the water to form an abnormally deep area.

Waterfalls are perennial tourist attractions, and many people are willing to travel considerable distances to see some of the world's most famous waterfalls in action. While aficionados and tourist authorities might like to debate the relative merits and heights of different waterfalls, the reality is that all big waterfalls have their own unique character and setting, and any large waterfall presents a truly spectacular and dramatic sight.

The Internet is easily the most fascinating invention human society has ever used. DSL can make a castle out of the humblest of homes. Music from the masters is ours with the click of a mouse. Movies available from the Internet are now better at home than they used to be in the best of theaters. Tentative answers to our most perplexing questions can often be acquired without charge or obligation. Singles from all around the world can congregate in forums to ease and sometimes even remedy their loneliness. Virtual vacations can transport us from the winding roads of Maine to icy palaces in the snow-capped mountains of Tibet. Phone calls to anywhere on earth, with pictures, only cost us a nickel when we make them with the magic of the Internet.
As we navigate the globe, now so easily penetrated, we must also face the fact that there are hackers and crackers out there that are anxiously engaged in creating programs to sabotage your newly acquired freedom and bring you crashing to your knees.

Your life's savings can disappear in an instant. Worse yet, your life's work can be destroyed -- or stolen – usually for no better reason than to brag about it. YOU, your computer, and even your business, are at risk every second you are on line. The FBI has lost sensitive files. The CIA web site has been hacked into, so realistically, the only thing that stands between you and your turn at complete disaster may well be nothing less than the whimsy of fate. One thing is for sure, the more you have to lose, the sooner it could happen to you. Like the skyscraper attracting bolts of sizzling lightning because it inches higher than the office buildings around it, your most prized possessions could well be next on some madman's list -- simply because you ARE on their list of the good, the bad, or the ugly.

You can easily replace your computer, but are you properly protecting its contents?


Niagara Falls

Known by schoolchildren and adults all over the world, Niagara Falls is perhaps the most famous waterfall in the world. Straddling the border between the United States and Canada, Niagara Falls is actually made up of three falls - the Horseshoe Falls (sometimes called the Canadian Falls), the American Falls and the Bridal Veil Falls.

The landscape seen today at Niagara Falls was formed by glacial movements during the ice age. When the ice retreated and the water began to flow again, the changed landscape forced the water to carve out a new route for the Niagara River.

Niagara itself is thought to derive from the old Iroquois word for the river - Onguiaahra - "The Strait", and the Horseshoe Falls are reputed to hide the spirit of He-No, the Iroquois thunder god, who rescued his true love Lelawala as she paddled her canoe over the falls in an attempt to escape from a forced marriage. The falls are said to mask caves, where He-No and Lelawala lived together happily thereafter.

Today, Niagara Falls is split between two cities - Niagara Falls, Ontario, and Niagara Falls, New York. Both cities play host to many thousands of tourists each year, and both the Americans and Canadians benefit from the hydroelectric generation potential of the falls, each operating two hydroelectric power generation facilities that generate up to 4.4GW of power in total.

Indeed, the scale of the hydroelectric facilities is such that flow to the falls is reduced each night and throughout the summer as greater volumes of water are diverted towards the power plants, to be returned to the Niagara River downstream, below the Falls.

Niagara Falls is undoubtedly one of the world's greatest waterfall complexes, despite its relatively modest height, its exceptional width means that at peak flow more than 6 million cubic feet of water pass over its edge every minute - a true giant among waterfalls.